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匹配条件： “James B. Cole” ，找到相关结果约203052条。
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Effective Permittivity for FDTD Calculation of Plasmonic Materials
Naoki Okada,James B. Cole
Micromachines , 2012, DOI: 10.3390/mi3010168

Abstract: We present a new effective permittivity (EP) model to accurately calculate surface plasmons (SPs) using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The computational representation of physical structures with curved interfaces causes inherent errors in FDTD calculations, especially when the numerical grid is coarse. Conventional EP models improve the errors, but they are not effective for SPs because the SP resonance condition determined by the original permittivity is changed by the interpolated EP values. We perform FDTD simulations using the proposed model for an infinitely-long silver cylinder and gold sphere, and the results are compared with Mie theory. Our model gives better accuracy than the conventional staircase and EP models for SPs.

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Electromagnetic Imaging of Two-Dimensional Geometries by Multipulse Interference Using the Inverse FDTD Method
Naoki Okada,James B. Cole
Advances in Optical Technologies , 2014, DOI: 10.1155/2014/529563

Abstract: The size, shape, and location of unknown objects in the ground and in the body can be estimated by an electromagnetic imaging technique. An imaging approach to clear detection of two-dimensional geometries is proposed in this paper. Based on the inverse finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, a phase interference technique using multidirectional pulses is employed. The advantage of the proposed method is that it can clearly reconstruct the geometry in a simple calculation. Sample imaging results are demonstrated. The analysis of the FDTD results shows that the detectable object size is limited by the incident wavelength and the measurement spacing and illustrates the detectability of multiple objects. 1. Introduction Electromagnetic imaging is an inverse scattering technique to estimate unknown objects. The scattered wave from an object carries information about its geometry, size, and location. The original object shape can be reconstructed by numerically time reversing the scattering process. The inverse scattering technique has been widely studied for various applications [1–5] such as computed tomography, nondestructive evaluation, and geophysical remote sensing. A variety of electromagnetic imaging techniques [6–9] have been proposed based on the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. FDTD works in the time domain with arbitrary structures [10, 11] and thus is suitable to calculate inverse scattering problems. One of the problems of electromagnetic imaging is to reconstruct the detailed geometry of original objects. Previous works successfully detected the position and size of the two- and three-dimensional objects [5–9], but the reconstructed geometries were unclear even for an object immersed in a uniform medium [12–18]. A comparatively successful imaging of the detailed geometry was demonstrated using phase interference with inverse FDTD simulations, in which the scattered field was calculated, and then using time reversal; the original shape was extracted from the interference patterns [19]. However this requires both the scattered electric and magnetic fields in the entire space, and it is difficult to clearly discern the original boundaries due to the continuities of electromagnetic fields unless the original shape is used in the visualization. In this paper, we propose a multipulse interference technique using the inverse FDTD method to improve the detection of geometrical details. In Section 2, we introduce the fundamentals of the proposed approach and demonstrate the imaging for some basic geometries. In Section 3, the

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Nonstandard FDTD Simulation-Based Design of CROW Wavelength Splitters
Naoki Okada,James B. Cole,Shigeki Yamada,Kensuke Ogawa,Yoshifumi Katayama
Advances in Optical Technologies , 2011, DOI: 10.1155/2011/265702

Abstract: The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) algorithm has been used in simulation-based designs of many optical devices, but it fails to reproduce high-Q whispering gallery modes (WGMs). On the other hand, the nonstandard (NS) FDTD algorithm can accurately compute WGMs and can be used to make simulation-based designs of WGM devices. Wavelength splitters using the coupled resonator optical waveguides (CROWs) based on WGM couplings have recently attracted attention because they are potentially ultracompact. In this paper, we design a CROW wavelength splitter using NS FDTD simulations and demonstrate high interchannel extinction ratios of over 20？dB. 1. Introduction The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) algorithm [1] has been used in simulation-based designs of optical devices such as optical fibers. However, the FDTD algorithm has not been used to design optical disc and ring resonators based on whispering gallery modes (WGMs) in the past, although these are essential building blocks of integrated optical circuits. This is due to failure of the conventional FDTD algorithm to reproduce the high-Q WGM resonances [2–4]. Instead the discontinuous Galerkin time-domain (DGTD) method [5] which can accurately calculate these resonances with lower memory consumption has been used, but its computational overhead is significantly higher than FDTD [6]. Recently, the nonstandard (NS) FDTD algorithm [7, 8] has been successfully used for high-accuracy WGM simulations with lower memory consumption and computational overhead [9, 10]. This is because high-accuracy difference operators are derived by optimizing to monochromatic wave propagation in the NS-FDTD algorithm and its temporal-spatial difference errors are considerably reduced by comparison with the conventional FDTD. Details of the NS-FDTD derivation are given in [8, 9]. Thus, the NS-FDTD algorithm can be used to make simulation-based designs of WGM devices. On the other hand, the coupled resonator optical waveguide (CROW) [11, 12] has attracted much attention in recent years because it combines characteristics of both resonator and waveguide and is potentially ultracompact. In particular, the optical wavelength splitter using the CROW [13, 14] is very small in comparison with conventional splitters. For example, the microring resonator-based splitter [15] has high interchannel extinction ratios (IERs), but its size is much larger than a wavelength (a few dozen μm) because the resonator employs total internal reflection with designs based on geometric optics theory. Other splitters using an arrayed waveguide

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Use Value as a Cultural Strategy against Over
Steven James Cole
- , 2018, DOI: 10.1177/0038038517726646

Abstract: Craft consumption is a precarious practice since consuming mass commodities can inadvertently reinforce the overly commodified world craft consumers are seeking to balance and address. Conceptualizing guitar players as craft consumers, this article illustrates the struggle for balance within musical virtual communities. Virtual communities’ commodity discussions can fuel commodity desire and foster a type of consumptive anomie that members call ‘GAS’ (Gear Acquisition Syndrome). This anomie is countered by images, norms, and evaluative standards that critically invoke ‘use value’ to regulate member’s consumption. Using Durkheim’s concepts of ‘social facts’ and ‘discipline’, the article examines how online actors ‘use use value’ to curb their anomic consumption, differentiate craft from mass consumption, and critique problematic consumptive acts. Durkheim’s work, however, illuminates how Campbell’s individualistic and psychological account of consumptive desire limits his own analysis of craft consumption, for such an individualistic understanding cannot account for the collective phenomenon witnessed throughout this article

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People Searching for Meaning in Their Lives Find Literature More Engaging
Cole Robertson,James Carney
- , 2018, DOI: 10.1037/gpr0000134

Abstract: Why are some people interested in complex literature and others not? This study experimentally investigated this question by assessing what cognitive traits moderated responses to literary and less-literary fictional vignettes. Specifically, participants were exposed to two variants of a celebrated literary text, one altered so as to remove overtly literary elements. A moderation analysis was performed on responses with respect to three variables: need for cognition (NC); meaning in life (measured in two subscales, search for meaning [SM] and presence of meaning [PM]); and intentionality/mentalizing ability (IM). Results showed that SM moderated interpretive response to the textual variation, such that those with increasing scores on the SM scale were increasingly more likely to rate the literary vignettes as worthy of appreciation. This result, in turn, gave grounds for a second study that investigated the role played by cloze values in identifying a text as “literary.” The latter study showed that the literary and less-literary vignettes exhibited significant differences in cloze values. Taken together, these studies suggest that differences in responsiveness to literary materials may well be driven by preexisting cognitive factors

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大动态范围电阻列阵器件的最新进展（下）
B.Cole
红外 , 2001,

Abstract: 4最近的测量结果在以前的一些文章里1-6],他们已经讨论了许多列阵的属性.某些最近的测量结果,使我们对列阵性能的了解得到了进一步的改善.大多数的测量是在室温工作的#3列阵上进行的.

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A Scalable and Accurate Targeted Gene Assembly Tool (SAT-Assembler) for Next-Generation Sequencing Data
Yuan Zhang,Yanni Sun ,James R. Cole
PLOS Computational Biology , 2014, DOI: doi/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003737

Abstract: Gene assembly, which recovers gene segments from short reads, is an important step in functional analysis of next-generation sequencing data. Lacking quality reference genomes, de novo assembly is commonly used for RNA-Seq data of non-model organisms and metagenomic data. However, heterogeneous sequence coverage caused by heterogeneous expression or species abundance, similarity between isoforms or homologous genes, and large data size all pose challenges to de novo assembly. As a result, existing assembly tools tend to output fragmented contigs or chimeric contigs, or have high memory footprint. In this work, we introduce a targeted gene assembly program SAT-Assembler, which aims to recover gene families of particular interest to biologists. It addresses the above challenges by conducting family-specific homology search, homology-guided overlap graph construction, and careful graph traversal. It can be applied to both RNA-Seq and metagenomic data. Our experimental results on an Arabidopsis RNA-Seq data set and two metagenomic data sets show that SAT-Assembler has smaller memory usage, comparable or better gene coverage, and lower chimera rate for assembling a set of genes from one or multiple pathways compared with other assembly tools. Moreover, the family-specific design and rapid homology search allow SAT-Assembler to be naturally compatible with parallel computing platforms. The source code of SAT-Assembler is available at https://sourceforge.net/projects/sat-ass？embler/. The data sets and experimental settings can be found in supplementary material.

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A Scalable and Accurate Targeted Gene Assembly Tool (SAT-Assembler) for Next-Generation Sequencing Data
James R. Cole,Yanni Sun,Yuan Zhang
- , 2014, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003737

Abstract: Gene assembly, which recovers gene segments from short reads, is an important step in functional analysis of next-generation sequencing data. Lacking quality reference genomes, de novo assembly is commonly used for RNA-Seq data of non-model organisms and metagenomic data. However, heterogeneous sequence coverage caused by heterogeneous expression or species abundance, similarity between isoforms or homologous genes, and large data size all pose challenges to de novo assembly. As a result, existing assembly tools tend to output fragmented contigs or chimeric contigs, or have high memory footprint. In this work, we introduce a targeted gene assembly program SAT-Assembler, which aims to recover gene families of particular interest to biologists. It addresses the above challenges by conducting family-specific homology search, homology-guided overlap graph construction, and careful graph traversal. It can be applied to both RNA-Seq and metagenomic data. Our experimental results on an Arabidopsis RNA-Seq data set and two metagenomic data sets show that SAT-Assembler has smaller memory usage, comparable or better gene coverage, and lower chimera rate for assembling a set of genes from one or multiple pathways compared with other assembly tools. Moreover, the family-specific design and rapid homology search allow SAT-Assembler to be naturally compatible with parallel computing platforms. The source code of SAT-Assembler is available at https://sourceforge.net/projects/sat-assembler/. The data sets and experimental settings can be found in supplementary material

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Fungal endophytes of forage grasses
Garry T Cole,James F White
- , 1985,

Abstract:

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Admissibility of the Defendant’s Criminal Records at Trial [PDF]
James B. Jacobs
Beijing Law Review (BLR) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/blr.2013.43015

Abstract:

The jury trial, which is a hallmark of the Anglo-American adversary system, requires close attention to the evidence that it is permissible for the lay jurors to hear. No evidentiary issue has proved more contentious than the admissibility of witnesses’, especially defendants’, prior criminal history because of concern that the lay jurors might prejudicially infer present guilt from past criminality. This article explains the complex evidentiary rules for admitting criminal history to prove guilt and to impeach witness credibility. It suggests that inquisitorial trial procedure, which historically has been unconcerned that judges know about the defendant’s prior criminal history while they are determining present guilt may have to restrict admissibility of such evidence as lay juries become more common.

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